ÿþ<html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="MR"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title> :: Crop Weather :: </title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252"> <meta name="keywords" content="Publication, Shetkari magzin, Litereture , Shetishastra,Agriculture Portal, Maharashtra Government, employment, law and acts "> <META NAME="description" CONTENT="This is the Portal of Agriculture Department of Maharshtra State (India), developed with an objective to enable a single window access to information and services being provided by Agriculture Department."> <Script language="JavaScript"> var Txt = "Welcome to mahaagri.gov.in (Department of Agriculture ,Government of Maharashtra)"; var space = " "; var A =0; function MessageInStatus() { window.status = Txt.substring(A, Txt.length) + space + Txt.substring(0, A); A ++; if (A > Txt.length) A = 0; window.setTimeout("MessageInStatus()", 200); } MessageInStatus(); </Script> <style type="text/css"> <!-- body { margin-left: 1px; 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font-family:"Times New Roman"; font-weight:bold} ----> </style> </head> <body bgcolor="#EFEFEF" > <table id="Table_01" width="1" height="1" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tr> <td rowspan="2" height="1" width="168" bgcolor="#536A45"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"> <img src="../images/InnerIndex_01.gif" width="168" height="169" alt=""></td> <td colspan="3" height="90" width="838" bgcolor="#536A45"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"> <img src="../images/InnerIndex_02.gif" width="833" height="97" alt=""></td> </tr> <tr> <td height="1" width="63"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"> <img src="../images/InnerIndex_03.gif" width="63" height="72" alt=""></td> <td height="1" width="705"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" id="AutoNumber3" height="28"> <tr> <td width="100%" bgcolor="#9AD7ED" height="28" dir="ltr"> <p style="margin-left: 55; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#882E0F"><b> <font face="Verdana" color="#008000" style="font-size: 11pt"> Monsoon</font></b></font></td> </tr> </table> </td> <td height="1" width="84" background="../images/InnerIndex_05.gif"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="80%" id="AutoNumber4" height="29"> <tr> <td width="26%" bgcolor="#9AD7ED" height="29" dir="ltr"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</td> <td width="9%" height="29" dir="ltr"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</td> <td width="18%" bgcolor="#9AD7ED" height="29" dir="ltr"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</td> <td width="3%" height="29"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</td> <td width="14%" bgcolor="#9AD7ED" height="29"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</td> <td width="5%" height="29"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</td> <td width="11%" bgcolor="#9AD7ED" height="29"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</td> <td width="11%" height="29"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</td> <td width="5%" bgcolor="#9AD7ED" height="29"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="99%" id="AutoNumber1" height="393"> <tr> <td width="100%" height="393"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="99%" id="AutoNumber2" height="1"> <tr> <td width="17%" height="1" bgcolor="#536A45" valign="top"> &nbsp;</td> <td width="83%" height="1" valign="top" align="center"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" id="AutoNumber5"> <tr> <td width="100%"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" width="99%" id="AutoNumber6" height="24"> <tr> <td width="8%" height="291"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</td> <td width="92%" height="291" dir="ltr"> <p style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in; margin: 0 0in" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">The phenomenon of monsoon is global in character, affecting a large portion of Asia. The huge land mass of Asia in juxtaposition with huge water mass of the Indian Ocean makes the Asian monsoon spectacular. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in; margin: 0 0in" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">India is situated predominantly in the monsoon regime. The southwest monsoon contributes about 80% to the annual rain water potential for agricultural- industry -generation of electricity and drinking water. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in; margin: 0 0in" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">Monsoon is often referred to seasonal reversal of winds over the Indian Ocean especially in the Arabian Sea that blow from South west during one half of the year and from north east during the other. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0 0in" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0 0in" dir="ltr"><font color="#882E0F"><b> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">Monsoon occurs mainly due to </span></b></font></p> <p style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">1.<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana"> Differential heating of land and ocean. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">2.<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">Deflection of wind due to rotation of earth. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in; margin: 0 0in" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">The onset of monsoon takes place over the main land of India by 1st June. The mean date of onset of monsoon over southern Kerala is 2nd June and standard deviation is 8 days.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0 0in" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0 0in" dir="ltr"><font color="#882E0F"><b> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana"> Withdrawal: -</span></b></font><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana"> The normal date of withdrawal of monsoon from a station is taken as middle day of five day period in which normal rainfall decreases markedly from the preceding five day period. </span> </p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0 0in" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0 0in" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0 0in" dir="ltr"><font color="#882E0F"><b> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">Rainfall Forecasting Techniques:- </span></b></font></p> <p style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">1.<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">Short Range - 1to 3 days </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">2.<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">Medium Range - 4 to 10 days </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">3.<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">Long Range - Beyond 10 days &amp; up to a season. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0 0in" dir="ltr"><font color="#882E0F"><b> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">Long range forecasting of South West monsoon </span></b></font></p> <p style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in; margin: 0 0in" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">Monson is complex system and difficult to determine model for long range forecasting of monsoon. The IMD has been issuing the long range forecast every year. There are several signals prior to the monsoon indicating its likely performance. In 1988 the LRF model has been developed and has 16 region and global land-ocean- atmosphere parameters.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0 0in" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Thus long range forecasting of monsoon is essential in planning the crop and agriculture. Abnormal monsoon can inflict calamity on large scale. The stability in Agricultural production is achieved in world where the monsoon is normal. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in; margin: 0 0in" dir="ltr"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Verdana">With the help of science and technology human ingenuity and endeavor can convert calamities into opportunities for progress. Through advances in weather forecasting predictions of climate trends and abnormal monsoon management, human kind can be insulated from hardships caused by droughts and floods to a much greater extent than has been considered possible until now. </span></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="8%" height="24"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</td> <td width="92%" height="24"> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; border-width: 0" width="102%"> <tr> <font color="#882E0F"><b> <td width="77%" height="31" style="border-style: none; border-width: medium"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</td> <td width="4%" height="31" style="border-style: none; border-width: medium"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"> <font color="#882E0F"><b> <a href="javascript:window.print()"> <img border="0" src="../images/print_page.gif" width="23" height="22"></a></td> <td width="18%" height="31" style="border-style: none; border-width: medium"> <p align="center" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"> <font color="#882E0F"><b><font color="#000080"><a href="javascript:window.print()" ><font color="#000080" style="font-size: 9pt" face="Verdana">Print this Page</font></a></font></b></font></td> <td width="67%" height="31" style="border-style: none; border-width: medium"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="17%" height="28" bgcolor="#457C46" align="center"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#882E0F"><b> <a href="JavaScript:history.go(-1)"> <font color="#FFFFFF" face="Verdana" size="2">Back</font></a></a></b></font></td> <td width="83%" height="28" align="center" bgcolor="#457C46"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#882E0F"><b> <font color="#FFFFFF" size="2" face="Verdana"> <font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="../Index.aspx"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Home</font></a></font><a href="../Index.aspx"><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font></a>| <a href="../Help/SiteMap.aspx"><font color="#FFFFFF">Site Map</font></a> | <a href="../Disclaimer/disclaimer.html"><font color="#FFFFFF">Disclaimer</font></a> | <a href="../Help/Contact.html"> <font color="#FFFFFF" size="2" face="Verdana">Contacts</font></a> | <a href="../Feedback.aspx"><font color="#FFFFFF">Feedback</font></a> </font></b></font></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%" height="29" bgcolor="#35442D" colspan="2" align="center"> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"> <font size="1" color="#FFFFFF">This portal is designed by National Informatics Centre (NIC)<br> Best viewed with g 024 by 768 Screen Resolution</font></td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <SCRIPT language=JavaScript src="../Scripts/top.js"> </SCRIPT> </body> </html>